A description of the Province of South Carolina, drawn up at Charles Town,
in September, 1731.
Translated from Mr. Purry's Original Treatise, in
French, and published in the Gentleman's Magazine, for August, September,
and October, 1732.
The King of Great Britain having about 3 years ago purchased this
Province of the Lords Proprietors thereof, has since studied to make
Agriculture, Commerce and Navigation, flourish in it. His Majesty
immediately nominated Colonel Johnson, a worthy Gentleman, to be Governor
thereof; who, at his Departure for Carolina, receiv'd divers Orders and
Instruction, but in particular was directed instantly to mark out Places in
a proper Situation for building Eleven Towns, viz.
Two on the River Alatamaha,
Two on the River Savanna,
One at the Head of the River Poupon,
Two at the River Santee,
One at the River of Watery,
One at the Black River,
One at the River Wacomau, and
One at the River Pedee.
The District of each of the Towns is to contain the Extent of 20000
Acres of Land, formed into a Square, bordering on the River, and divided
into Shares of 50 Acres for each Man, Woman, or Child, of one Family; which
may be augmented as the Planters shall be in a Condition to cultivate a
larger Quantity of Ground, and every one of them shall have an equal Share
of the better and worse Lands, and also the same Right on the River.
Each Town shall be formed into a Parish, the Extent whereof shall be
about 6 Miles round the Town on the same Side of the River; and sas soon as
a Parish shall contain 100 Masters of Families, they may send Two Members
to the Assembly of the Province, and enjoy the same privilege as the other
Parishes of the Province.
The Ground of each Town shall be speedily
marked out, and shall belong in common to all the Inhabitants, till it
shall be distributed in particular Shares to each of them. There are to be
300 Acres of Land near the Town, which shall be common for ever, without
being charged with Rent, and no person shall, by Virtue of any former
Grant, take Possession of any Land within 6 Miles of each Town.
The Rent
shall be 4s per Ann. for every 100 Acres, except that for the first 10
Years the Lands shall be entirely free, and all those that shall settle in
the said Towns shall enjoy the same Advantages.
His Majesty further
grants to every European Servant, whether Man or Woman, 50 Acres of Land
free of all Rents for 10 Years, which shall be distributed to them after
having served their Master for the Time agreed on.
In consequence of
these Instruction M. Purry was permitted to go and chuse on the Borders of
the River Savanna Land proper to build the Town of Purrysburg upon; and
having found it such as he wish'd, the Government mad him a Grant thereof
under the Great Seal of the Province, dated the 1st of September 1731, and
at the same Time publish'd throughout the whole Country a Prohibition to
all Sorts of Persons to go and settle on the said Land which is already
called the Swiss Quarter.
In order to facilitate the Execution of this
Undertaking in the best Manner, the Assembly granted to the said M. Purry
400l. Sterling, and Provision sufficient for the Maintenance of 300 Persons
for one Year, provided they be all Persons of good Repute, and Swiss
Protestants, and that they come to Carolina within the Space of 2 Years.
The River Savanna is one of the finest in all Carolina, the Water good
and stored with excellent Fish: It is about the Largeness of the Rhyne,
and there are 2 Forts already built upon it, one of which call'd
Pallaholaas, is 100 Miles from the Mouth thereof, and the other call'd
Savanna Town, about 300 Miles; and altho' there is not usually about 20 Men
to garrison the first Fort, and about 40 in the other, yet the Indians have
never dare to attack them.
The Town of Purrysburg will be situated 30
Miles from the Sea, and about 7 Miles from the highest Tide; The Land about
it is a most delightful Plain, and and the greatest Part very good Soil,
especially for Pasturage, and the rest proper enough for some Productions.
It was formerly call'd the great Ymassee Port, and is esteem'd by the
Inhabitants of the Province the best place in all Carolina, altho' never
yet possessed but by the Indians, who were driven from thence by the
English several Years ago, and have never dared to return thither. All
Sorts of Trees and Plants will grow there, as well as can be wish'd
particularly Vines, Wheat, Barley, Oats, Pease, Beans, Hemp, Flax, Cotton,
Tobacco, Indico, Olives, Orange Trees and Citron Trees, as also white
Mulberry Trees for feeding of Silkworms. The Lands will not be difficult
to clear, because there is neither stones nor Brambles, but only great
Trees, which do not grow very thick; so that more Land may be clear'd there
in one Week, than could be done in Swisserland in a Month. The Custom of
the Country is, that after having cut down these great Trees, they leave
the Stumps for 4 or 5 Years to rot, and afterwards easily root them up, in
order to manure the Land.
Tis very certain, that Carolina is in general
an excellent Country. 'Tis true, the Ground is sandy; but then 'tis a Sand
impregnated with Salt and Nitre, so that it brings forth in great
Abundance, as the like Soil does in Divers Parts of Europe; But what is
more particular to Carolina, there are a great Number of Plantations that
have been continually cultivated for near 60 Years, which yet still produce
great Plenty without every being manured by the least Dung, for they never
lay any on their Grounds; The Planter only turns up the Superficies of the
Earth, and all that he plants and sows therein quickly grows and matures;
Those who understand ever so little of Agriculture will be obliged to own,,
that if the Lands in Europe were not constantly manured, their Strength
would be so exhausted, that at length the crops would not pay for the Seed.
But a Man who shall have a little Land in carolina, and who is not will to
work above 2 or 3 Hours a Day, may very easily live there.
Another
Consideration deserving our Notice is the Progress of the first Colonies,
their sudden Advancement, the Riches of the present Inhabitants, the great
Number of publick Expences for which they provide, the great Trade which
they carry on at present, and lastly their misfortunes and Losses; which
are entirely repair'd. The better to comprehend these Matters, we shall
only make the following Observations.
- That there were no People in Carolina till about 60 Years ago, for the
English did not begin to send any thither till the Year 1670.
- That they had at first very fatal Beginnings, being afflicted with
Sicknesses, and even the Plague, which daily diminish'd the Number of the
People.
- That cruel destructive; Divisions sprung up among them.
- That they had a very bad Government under the Lords Proprietors, being
almost with Order, Justice or Discipline.
- That a certain Time the Pyrates interrupted their Trade and Navigation
- That they have often had great Droughts.
- That a terrible Fire consumed almost all Charles Town.
- That they have been a great Expence in Fortifications, publick
Edifices, Churches, &r.
- That they have often sustain'd long Wars with the French, Spaniards,
and particularly with the Indians, who once united altogether to destroy
the whole Province.
- That notwithstanding all these Misfortunes, the People of Carolina,
except those who gave themselves up to Debauchery, are all rich, either in
Slaves, Furniture, Cloaths, Plate, Jewels, or other Merchandizes, but
especially in Cattle; which shews the Goodness of the Country they inhabit.
The most Part of those who came first thither were very poor and
miserable; server of those who are most considerable went but as Servants.
The Trade of Carolina is now so considerable, that of late Years there
has Sail'd from thence annually above 200 ships, laden with Merchandizes of
the Growth of the Country, besides 3 Ships of War, which they commonly have
for the Security of the Commerce, and last Winter they had constantly 5,
the least of which had above 100 Men on Board. It appears by the
Customhouse Entries from march 1730, to March 1731, that they sailed within
that Time from Charles Town 207 Ships most of them for England, which
carried among other Goods41957 Barrels of Rice about 500 Pound Weight per
Barrel, 10754 Barrels of Pitch, 2063 of Tar, and 1159 of Turpentine, of
Deer Skins 300 Casks, containing 8 or 900 each; besides a vast Quantity of
Indian Corn, Pease, Beans, &c. Beef, Pork, and other salted Flesh, Beams,
Planks, and Timber for Building, most part of Cedar, Cypress Sassafras,
Oak, Walnut and Pine.
They carry on a great Trade with the Indians, from
whom they get these great Quantities of Deer Skins, and those of other wild
beasts, in Exchange for which they give them only Lead, Power, Coarse
Cloth, Vermillion, Iron Ware, and some other Goods, by which they have a
very considerable Profit.
The great Number of Slaves, makes another Part
of the Riches of this Province, there being above 40,000 Negroes, which are
worth one with another 100 Crowns each.
There are between 5 and 600
Houses in Charles Town, the most of which are very costly; besides 5
handsome Churches, viz. one for those of the Church of England, one for the
Presbyterians, one for the Anabaptists, one for the Quakers, and one for
the French. If you travel into the Country, you will see stately
Buildings, noble Castles, and an infinite Number of all Sorts of Cattle.
If it be ask'd what has produced all this? the Answer is, 'Tis only the
rich Land of Carolina.
There is not the least Appearance but that the
Prosperity of this Province will still increase, and, with the Blessing of
Heaven, in a few Years be the most flourishing of all America; not only
because the King has much at heart the new Country, but because People come
thither from all Parts. His Majesty has lately sent thither 74 pieces of
heavy Cannon, with Powder, Ball, &c. and Governor Johnson is setting out
from Charles Town to mark out the Land, whereon to build two good Forts,
one at Port-royal, and the other upon the River Alatamaha, betwixt which is
the River Savanna. The People of the Palatinate, those of New-York,
New-England, and other Parts, sell all that they have to come to Carolina;
which has raised the Price of Lands within 50 miles about Charles Town to
four times the Value in 4 or 5 Years time; It will probably be the same
about Purrysburg. However, it is a certain Truth, that the same quantity
of Land at Charles Town which might be bought for a Crown about 40 Years
ago cannot at this Time be bought for 200l. Sterling, nor even for 300l. in
those Places which are well situated for Trade.
The good Dispositions
which are making daily for a regular Administration of Justice, cannot fail
of bringing the County into Reputation, and drawing thither still great
numbers of people. Artificers are so scarce at present, that all sorts of
Work is very dear; Taylors, Shoemakers, Smiths, &c. would be particularly
acceptable there. A skilful Carpenter is not ashamed to demand 30s.per Day
besides his Diet; and the common Wages of a Workman is 20s. per Day,
provided he speaks English, without which he cannot be understood, and
consequently not so useful as others; and when a Workman has but 10s. per
Day he thinks he labours for almost nothing, tho' he has his Maintenance
besides. But this is Carolina Money.
Most of their shoes are brought
from England, and generally sell for 40s. per pair. Not but they have
Hides enough, and very cheap, an Ox's Hide being sold for 20s. neither are
they destitute of the Means to tan them; for they make very good Lime with
Oyster-shells, and the Bark of Oak-trees is so plentiful, that it costs
nothing but the Trouble of gathering; They want therefore only a sufficient
number of good Tanners and Shoemakers.
I might say the same of Leather
dressers, since they send every Year to England above 200,000 Deer-skins
undrest. Yet Carolina produces Oker naturally, and good Fish-oyl may be
had from New-York or New-England very cheap: So that they might be drest
and made up into Breeches in the Country, for which those Skins are very
proper, being warm in Winter and cool in Summer.
There is not one Potter
in all the Province, and no Earthenware but what comes from England, nor
Glass of any kind: So that a Pot-house and a good Glass-house would
succeed perfectly well, not only for Carolina but for all the other
Colonies in America. There is a kink of Sand and Earth which would be very
proper for those Purposes, as also Wood and Fern in abundance, had they but
Workmen to make use of them.
The woods are full of wild Vines, bearing 5
or 6 sorts of Grapes naturally; but for want of Vine-dressers, &c. scarce
any Wine is drank there but what comes from Madera, which are indeed cheap,
for a Bottle of excellent wine cost last Winter but 2s. Carolina Money to
those who bought it by the Hogs-head. There is something so singular in
these Wines of Madera that we cannot forbear mentioning it; which is, That
Heat preserves them, and Cold spoils them; For as in Europe they are
obliged to put their Wine in cool Cellars; these, on the contrary, must be
put into the warmest Places. If they begin to be sour, they are exposed to
the greatest Heats of the Sun, to be recovered: So that to keep them good,
you are to do what you would in other Parts to make Vinegar. This seems to
be the greatest Paradox in the World, but nothing is more certain; and
strange as it may seem, Col. Bleek caused a Vault to be made over his Oven,
purposely to keep his Wine in all the Year.
The Cattle of Carolina are
very fat in Summer, but as lean in Winter, because they can find very
little to eat, and have no Cover to shelter them from the cold Rains,
Frosts, and Snows, which last sometimes 3 or 4 Days: Only the Cattle
design'd for the Butchery are fed, and they bad enough, with Potatoes,
Straw, and Grain; but they always lie in the open Field, for there is not
one Hovel in all the Country, either for Oxen or Cows. If you object this
to the Planters, they answer, that such Houses or Hovels would do very
well, but that they have too many other Affairs to think of that. The last
Winter being very severe about 10,000 horned Cattle died of Hunger and
Cold. Notwithstanding this, the People will not change their Conduct,
because they do not understand the manner of ordering Cattle, nor even know
how to mow the Grass, in order to make it into Hay, of which they might
have great Plenty for Fodder. Their Ignorance in this respect is very
great, which is the Reason that Butter is always dear, being sold last
Winter at 7s. 6d. per Pound, and in January and February last it was sold
at Charles Town for 12s. per Pound: In a word, nothing would be more easy
than for Persons who understand Country Affairs to grow rich in a little
time. There is so great a number of Cattle, that a certain Planter had
last Spring 200 Calves marked, which he let run in the Woods with other
Cattle; Nobody looks after them, or takes any other Care, but to bring them
together in the Evening to lie in a Park near the House.
At certain
times they kill a great many to send the Flesh salted to several other
Colonies, where there is little Pasturage, particularly to the Isles of
Antilles, and in general to all those of the Torrid Zone.
Horses, the
best Kind in the World, are so plentiful, that you seldom see any body
travel on foot, except Negroes, and they oftner on horseback; so that when
a Taylor, a Shoemaker, or any other Tradesman, is obliged to go but 3 Miles
from his House, it would be very extraordinary to see him travel on foot.
There is likewise in the Country a prodigious number of Swine, which
multiply infinitely, and are kept with very little Charge, because they
find almost all the Year Acorns, of which there is 5 or 6 sorts, as also
Nuts, Walnuts, Chesnuts, Herbs, Roots, &c. in the Woods: So that if you
give them never so little at home they become fat; after which you may salt
and send great quantities of them to the Isles of Barbadoes, St.
Christophers, Jamaica, &c. which produce very good Returns either in Money
or Merchandizes.
Of all Animals in that Country, none are a less Charge
than Sheep, for they subsist only on what they find in the Fields; yet are
always in good Case, and bring forth their Lambs regularly; and there is a
particular sort, whose Wool is not inferior to the finest Spanish Wool.
Flax and Cotton thrive admirably, and Hemp grows to 13 or 14 Foot in
height, but as few People Know how to order it, there is scarce any
cultivated; besides, they want Dung, which is very necessary for that
purpose, few Plants weakening Land as much as Hemp does: However, this is
one of the Articles which would produce most Profit, because the Parliament
has allow'd so much per Ten upon all Hemp which comes from the English
Plantations in America in order that in time of War they may have no need
of Hemp from Russia and Poland; besides this Encouragement, which is to
last for 30 Years longer, there is an Exemption from some other Duties on
Importation; which joined together, makes an Advantage of about 40 per
Cent,. over that of Hemp from other Parts.
Rice and Indian Corn produce
at least an hundred-fold, and would much more if the Land was better
cultivated. The Easiness of procuring such a plenty of Grain, is the
Reason that the Planters have or may have to all Times a Court-yard fill'd
with Cocks, Hens, Turkeys, Geese, Ducks, &c. also a good Pigeon-house,
without being at any Expence. There is great plenty of Game of all sorts,
but especially wild Turkeys, some of which are 30 pound weight, and those
who love Fowling may easily take them. With this Indian Corn they make
pretty good Bread, for it is much finer an better and better than in
Swisserland o, or in any other part of Europe, where it is commonly call'd
Turkey Corn.
Persons may grow rich in Carolina without being at much
Expense or Labour, by planting white Mulberry Trees for feeding of
Silk-worms, there being perhaps no Country in the World where those Trees
grow better, nor where the Silk is finer than in Carolina. They grow so
much in so short a Time, that we dare scarce mention it: Capt. Scott has
one at the back of his HOuse at Port-Royal, not above 7 or 8 Years old, the
Body whereof is above 5 foot round. It would be difficult to believe this,
if it was not confirmed by other Mulberry Trees of 4 or 5 Years old, at
Port-Royal, Westmesaa, Gouscrick, and other Plantations, the Trunks whereof
are near a food in Diameter. But as all the Planters apply themselves
chiefly to the Production of Rice, Pitch, and Tar, there is very little Use
made of them. However, those who have been in Provence and Languedoc know,
that the Strippings of a Mulberry Tree, that is, the Leaves of a Summer,
are commonly sold for a Crown, and sometimes two, altho' the Silk of those
two Provinces is but very indifferent; from thence it may be easily
conjectur'd, what Riches Carolina would produce, if this Affair was well
managed. All other Trees grown there in the same Proportion, and much
faster than in Europe, but particularly the Peach Tree; for the 3d Year it
is commonly loaded with Fruit, and is a great Tree the 4th Year.
Some
perhaps will object, that this Country is feverish and unhealthy, and all
the Advantages which might be found in other Respects, would not make
Amends for the loss of Health: Besides, that you are plagued there with
several sorts of Insects, and especially with great Rattle-Snakes; so that
you are in Danger of your Life every Moment.
To this we answer, That if
People are sick there, 'tis generally an Effect of their bad Conduct, and
not knowing how to regulate themselves suitably to the Country where they
live; for 'tis very certain, that those who observe Precautions have as
good Health there as they would in other Places. But the better to
understand this Affair; you must know that the uncultivated Lands of
Carolina, as well as the other adjacent Provinces, which extend much
further than Canada, being wholly covered with large Pine Trees, very Cold
in their Nature, and when the Vapours which they have attracted and
retained come to be dispers'd by a Northerly Wind, you feel a Cold almost
as sharp as in Europe; so that in one Day you may find a considerable
Change of Air: This then, together with the Debauches made by Punch,
strong Madera Wines, and the eating unripe Fruits, is the real Source of
the Sicknesses there; for sensual Persons, who have not the Power to deny
themselves any thing, when they find that a hot Day is succeeded by a great
Coolness towards Evening, expose themselves to it with great pleasure
without troubling themselves with the Consequence; and when this Pleasure
is succeeded by Rheumatisms, Fevers, or other Distempers, they never fail
of pouring out Curses on the Country, rather than own their Carelesness or
Excess. And 'tis very common for those newly arrived, to say, when they
have got any Illness, That 'tis a Tribute they must pay to the climate.
But such as take care to keep their Breasts always warm, to shun the great
Transpirations of the Air, to cover themselves well in the Night especially
in Summer, and in other Respects live regularly, will certainly enjoy as
good Health there ass in any other Part of the World.
There are few
Insects in Carolina that can reasonably be complain'd of, except a sort of
Gnats, which they call Muscatoes; and there is scarce any of these except
in low Grounds, or near the Rivers; but if a House is trouble with them, it
is easily remedied, by opening the Windows about Sun-setting, and shutting
them again a little before the Close of the Twilight, the Muscatoes never
failing to quit the House at that Time; and for better Security, they make
fine Gause-work about their Beds, which keeps them off.
There are People
in Europe, especially in England, that tremble only at the Name of a
Rattle-Snake, imagining, that the Country of Carolina is so full of them,
that there is no going into the Woods without Danger of Life; But this is
an Error as ill-grounded as the most part of the other Reports pread Abroad
to the Disadvantage of this new World. At least, 'tis certain, that this
Serpent is very seldom seen, and if they are met, do very little Hurt,
except they are provoked to defend themselves: Besides, they never fail to
giving you Notice of their Approach by their Rattles, which may be heard at
a considerable Distance. 'Tis also said, that the Venom of this Serpent is
mortal, and kills in a very short Time, if not prevented by some Antidotes:
But those Remedies are well known by every body in the Country. When Mr.
Purry went with his small Company to chuse out a Spot of Land on the River
Savanna, the People told them before their Departure from Charles Town,
that they had great Reason to fear these Rattle-Snakes, the Country being
full of them; and that they ought to keep a good Guard against them;
however they did not so much as see one of those Serpents, nor of any other
sort for 15 Days that they travelled about in the Woods, tho' it it was in
the Middle of Summer at a time when all Serpents are out of their Holes.
It is very seldom that any Person is bitten by these Snakes, or by those of
other Kinds, which are much more common, that it would be very difficult to
find so much as one Person in all Carolina that has ever had this
Misfortune. There are also some Crocodiles in the Rivers, but the People
fear them no more, than if they were so many Fishes, since it was never
known that they have hurt any Person whatsoever.
Those that may have any
Desire to go and settle there may further take notice of 3 or 4
observations:
1st, That South Carolina is not only situated in the same
Degree of Heat, Fertility, and Temperature of Air, which is about 33
Degrees Latitude, as Barbary, the Isle of Candia, Syria, Persia,
Mogolistan, China, and in general all the best Countries in the Universe;
but it is also the only Country of all those the English possess that is
situated in that Degree; and there is all the Reason in the World to
believe, that if there be now an Opportunity to have Lands there for
nothing, this Advantage will not continue long. At least 'tis very certain
that those who shall come first, will have the Choice of Land, as also the
Proximity of Rivers, much better than those that shall come afterwards.
2dly, That by means of the Wool, Cotton, Flax and Hemp, it will be easy
to procure all Linnen necessary, as also good Cloth and Stuffs for
Cloathing, without being forced to purchase them at a very dear rate from
the Shops, as most of the Planters are at present. And what is still an
Article very considerable, there will be no Danger of wanting Provisions in
a Country so plentiful, unless some Accidents happen, which cannot be
foreseen by human Prudence; we may be assured that Hailstones will not
deprive the Inhabitants thereof.
3dly, That Carolina being of all the
Neighboring Provinces which the English possess on the Continent of North
America, from 29 to 49 Degrees of Latitude, is not only the largest and
most productive of Necessaries, but also the most Southward, and nearest to
Jamaica, Barbadoes, and all the Islands of the Antilles, which have
Occasion for salted Provisions, Bread, Wine, Fruits, Roots, and several
other Things, we need not hesitate a Moment to prefer it to all the other
Colonies on the North side. And besides the great Advantages which may
accrue to the Inhabitants by the Fertility of the Land, and the
Temperateness of the Climate, the Situation thereof for Trade will always
draw Ships into its Ports, which there finding at a reasonable price and in
good Order, all that the other most distant Provinces can have, will hardly
go so far, whilst any thing is to be had in Carolina.
4thly, and lastly,
And what is of the greatest Importance of all is, that there is an entire
Liberty of Conscience and Commerce for all that come thither, without
paying any thing for it; Justice is duly administred to all; and every body
can say that what he possesses lawfully belongs to him full Propriety.
There are no Tenths, Imposts, Tailles, nor Capitation Taxes, nor any of
those Burdens which render so many other People unhappy: In a word, you
have all the Laws, Liberties, and Priveleges there which are enjoyed in
England: This the Lower House that has the Disposal of the Money of the
Province, and who vote the Taxes necessary for the publick Service, however
with the Approbation of the Upper House, and that of his Majesty,
represented by the Governor; and when one of the two Houses would have tan
Act passed, on any Subject whatsoever, after having examined and debated
all the Clauses thereof, it is ingrossed and sent to the other House for
their Concurrence. But this Act, or rather projected Act, has at that time
only the Name of a Bill, that is to say, properly, an Act proposed. Now if
this Bill is passed by the other House, it is carried to the Governor, who
may either approve or reject it; and 'tis not till the Moment the Governor
gives his Consent thereto, that ti takes the Form of a Law, and has all the
Force thereof; for if either of the Houses or Governor rejects the said
Bill, it drops of course. Therefore nothing better proves, that the
Constitution of the Government of Carolina, as well as that of England, is
founded on the Union between the King and the People, since they make only
one and the same Body, of which his Majesty is always that the English ware
the most free and happy People at this Time in the whole World.
We whose Names are hereunto subscrib'd, do Attest, that all which is
contain'd in this Account of South Carolina, is the real Truth, having been
Eye-Witnesses of most part of the Particulars therein mentioned. Done at
Charles Town the 23d of September, 1731.
John Peter Purry, of Neufchatel.
James Richard, of Geneva.
Abraham Meuron, of St Sulpy in the
County of Neufchatel.
Henry Raymond, of St Sulpy.
It may not be disagreable in this Place to inform our Readers, that Mr.
Purry, on his Return to Swisserland, with the Account of Carolina, soon
prevail'd on many industrious Persons and their Families to the Number of
about 400, to go with him. On the 11th of this month [August, 1732,] they
embarked at Calais in France, on Board two English Ships, which arrived off
Dover the next Day, and are now sailed on their Voyage. Mr. Bignion their
Minister came to London, and received Episcopal Ordination: So that the
Reflections which some have cast on the Religion of these People, are
unjustly founded.
Extracted from the book "TRACTS AND OTHER PAPERS, relating
principally to the ORIGIN, SETTLEMENT, AND PROGRESS of the Colonies in
North America, from the discovery of the country to the year 1776"
collected by Peter Force, VOL. II. Entered according to Act of Congress,
in the year 1836 by Peter Force, In the Clerk's Office of the District
Court of the District of Columbia.
11-20-02
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